Percutaneous is a medical term describing procedures or treatments performed through needle-puncture of the skin, rather than through an open surgical approach. The term derives from the Latin words ‘per’ (through) and ‘cutis’ (skin), denoting minimally invasive techniques that access internal organs or tissues.
These interventions utilize real-time imaging guidance, such as fluoroscopy, computed tomography, or ultrasound, to navigate instruments precisely through anatomical structures. Common applications include percutaneous coronary interventions, nephrostomy, vertebroplasty, and drug administration through transdermal delivery systems.
The development of percutaneous techniques has revolutionized medical practice by reducing procedural risks, shortening recovery times, and minimizing tissue trauma. Modern percutaneous approaches incorporate sophisticated catheter-based technologies, specialized delivery devices, and advanced imaging systems, enabling treatment of complex pathologies through millimeter-sized skin incisions.
